Sash window construction



Feb. 6, 1940. 5 HALL 2,189,142

SASH WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 11, 1937 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 6,1940. E. E. HALL SASH WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 11, 1937 2Sheets$heet 2 Patented Feb. 6,1940

sAsn wmnow CONSTRUCTION Eric E. Hall, Chicago, Ill., assignor ofone-half to Otto Johnson and Arthur Homer, both of Chicago, .Ill.,co-partners, doing business as" Johnson and Horner Application September11,1937, Serial No. 163,462

3 Claims. (01. 20-49) The device of the present invention is designed tofacilitate the Cleaning of sash windows by hinging each sash. betweenslides or stiles which travel vertically within the guide channels inthe window frame, so that, when unlocked, the sash may be swung inwardlyin position to expose the exterior surface of the sash for the purposeof cleaning, painting, puttying, glazing, or the like.

' The invention in particular relates to the parts or fittings which areemployed for firmly hinging the sash between the stiles and the fittingswhich are employed for locking the free or unhinged edge of the sash tothe stile, so that when locked the parts will travel verticallyas a unitin the raising and lowering of the sash.

In devices of this general character it is essential that the meansprovided for hinging an ordinary sash window between verticallyslidablestiles shall be of extremely simple and at the same time ruggedconstruction, so that ordinary sash. windows may be easily transformedinto windows of the hinged character in question without the employmentof special tools or appliancesQand without the provision of parts whichmay become jammed or inoperative by reason of bending, warping, oraccidental displacement. the effort to popularize the use ofhingeconnections for sash windows has been in a large measure thwartedby reason of the complexity of the devices employed and the difficultiesin installation.

The present invention is intended to so simplify the structure as awhole that a suitable hinging arrangement may be employed withoutdangerof cramping or jamming of the parts and without necessitating the use ofcomplicated connections which render the installation expensive andotherwise objectionable.

Further objects and details of the invention will appear from thedescription thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,wherein-- Figure 1 is a cross sectional elevation of a sash windowembodying the features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the upper sash looking outwardly fromtheinside of the room and taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1, showing the windowcasing and part of the lower sash in section;

3 is an enlarged sectional detail taken on line 3 of Fig. 3., showingone of the lower stiles in locked relation to the sash with which it isassociated;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the parts in un- Heretofore lockedrelation to permit inward swinging of the sash; l

Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview of one of the hinges for hinging theloweredge of the sash between the associated stiles;

Fig. 6 is a detail showing the locking plate and keeper for the upper orunhinged edge of the sash with the parts in locked relation;

' Fig. 7 is a similar view of the same parts in unlocked relation; 1

Fig. 8 is a face view taken on line 88 of Fig. 4 of the plateforretaining the locking bolt which engages the locking plate of Figs. 6and 7 r Fig. 9is a cross sectional detail of a portion of the sashrail-and stile taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 3, showing the use of a weatherstrip secured to the stile; and

* Figs. 10 and 11 are sectional details showing a modified type ofmetallic sash and stile in lieu of the wooden structures illustrated inthe preceding 1 figures.

The present invention is illustrated as applied toa window having anupper sash 2E! anda lower sash 2| mounted within a window casing 22, but

it will be understood that the fittings employed on each of the sashestoprovide for the hinging and locking thereof are the same in eachcase, sothat a description of one will suificefor both.

It will also be understood that the fittings are adapted for useinconnection with a window consisting of a single sash, and that theparticular arrangement shown in Fig. l s'ervesprimarily for purposes ofillustrating the inventionin its most commonly employed relationship inconnection with double sash windows of the customary type:

For purposes of clarity, the featurescf the present invention will bedescribed as applicable to the lower-sash 2|, which comprises the usualupper rail 23, side rails 24, and the baserail 25.

The sash is mounted between sliding stilesiiii which are guided withinchannels 2] which are.

customarily provided for the retention of ordinary sash windows of theconventional type. Each-"of the stiles 26 is provided with a groove .28on-its upper outer face to re'ceivethechain or metal;

PATENT OFFICE The lower rail of the sash is hinged between the companionstiles by ahinge fitting 3|, bestr.

illustrated in Fig. 5, which comprises an angle.

33. which carries the hinge plate. 34, which is plate having a verticalleg 32, and a horizontal leg vertical leg 32 is likewise countersunkinto the surface of the stile and secured by screws 36. The horizontalleg is provided with apertures 35 which when the hinge is closedregister with the screw holes for the screws 35 so that the screws maybe driven in while the sash is held in position between the stiles, thusinsuring an accurate positioning of the: parts. The hinge plate 34 ishinged to the leg 33by a pintle 37, which arrangement permits the sashto be swung inwardly upon the hinges thus provided, while at the sametime the angle plate constructionzof the-fitting is one which affords arigid hinge mounting and abundantly reinforces the'lower ends of :thestiles to support the weight of the sash when swung down inwardly, asshown in Fig. 1.

With the sash thus swung inwardly, the stiles will be unsupported by thesash-and vin orderato prevent inward displacement of the stiles when theparts are thus adjusted, provision is made for slockinglthe .upper endedthe stiles withinthe guideways in the window frame and at thezsa'infitime for holding the .parts...against vertical slidingmovement whilezthesash is lowered.

The locking device of thepresent invention provides means for-lockingthesash between the stiles when in :theposition of adjustment shown inFig. 3, and forlocking ,theassociated stile itselfagainst displacementwhen the partsiare adjusted as in Figs. 4 and 6.

'The. locking .device comprises alocking plate 38 whichin the sashlocking position cooperates with a'bolt'39 andta .wingnut 48 on thesash, and when freed from thezsashisqadapted to cooperate with a keeperplate ll for preventing displacement. of the associated stile when freedfrom confinement by the swinging down --of the sash into the horizontalposition. v

The locking plate 3.8 is hinged .upon a pintle .62 carried by a plate d3countersunk into the front face of the associated stile near the upperend thereof, whiclrarrangement permits the locking plate tobe swung'downwardlyas in Figr 3, to

engage :the locking --bo1t- 59,;or upwardly. as in Fig. 4, toengagetwith the keeper 4|. The locking plate is bifurcated ,in its:outer end to provide separated .fingers M which are bent outwardly attheir tip ends -,(seefFig. 4) ,which tip ends: also extendlaterally-toafford-undercut shoulders 46 (see- Fig. '7).

Th shouldered tipxends ofthe fingers coact with L-shapedwaperturesAlain-the keeper 4!, which apertur,es are-extended laterally at theirlower ends and .are of :reduced 1 diameter. at their upper ends, so:that when the lockingplate 38 is swung upwardly 'into'the positionindicated in Fig. '7, the fingers M will "be alignedrwith but below the.Lashaped slotsll in the keeper, so that ,xthereaftenwhen' the sash isslightly elevated'to the positionshown-in Figs'w l-and' 6, andthelocking plate 3j8jispressedbackwardly,ithe shouldered fingers-willslip-into the enlarged lower ends of the apertures 41 andwill thereafterv be ,moved upwardly to bring the "-tips ofthe fingers into facewiseengagementwith the inner surface of 1 the keeper, 1 .as in Fig. 4; thefingers meanwhile straddling the counterweight chain 4 29. With theparts adjusted as in Fig. 4, the forwardly bent .tipsof the fingers--will be forced tightly against the inner -;face of the keepentherebyexerting suf- :ficient pressure and'friction 'to' hold the stiles 0against either inward or vertical movementduring-theswinging3downofthesashiinto its lowered ipcsition'.- The arrangement however, is onewhich permits theeasy releasezof the locking-plate by .projects. theslot is sufficiently elongated to permit the the application of moderateforce sufficient to draw down the locking plate from its engagingposition.

The locking plate 38 when lowered is adapted to straddle the upstandingbolt 39, which is provided with an inverted head 48 which is retained inplace by aplate 49 countersunk in the upper face of the upper railofvthe sash, which plate is provided with a slot 50" through which' thebolt The bolt 39 carries a wing nut 40, and

bolt to-be drawn back sufiiciently to release the fingers of the lockingplate after the wing nut has been unscrewed sufiiciently to permit suchrelease.

With the locking plate occupying the position shown in Fig. 3, the sashwill be rigidly secured on each :side between the associated stiles, sothat with thev parts thus locked the window will operate as an ordinarysash window.

llniorder to provide clearance for the ,wing nut iil when the sash israised to itshighest position,

the ,top of the window. casing is provided with a recesslei, as shown inFig. 3, and of course in applying the locking plate andkeeper,.the..wood of the parts will be recessed sufficiently to affordclearance for the operation ofthe parts hereinbefore described.

It is preferred to provide a weather strip for sealing the space betweenthe sash and the stiles between which it is mounted, andfor this purposethe inner face of each of the stiles is preferably provided with arecess 52 as shown in Fig. 9. The outer end of thesash is preferablybeveled as shown, and the 'coacting face of the stile conforms to thisbeveling at the inner and outer edges of the stile, such contact,however, being interrupted across the intermediateportion of the stileface by reasonof the recess v.52. The recess serves as a mounting foracorrugated weather strip 53 whichpresses outwardly against the face ofthe sash, and this in conjunction with the, edge contactsvaffordedbetween the sash and'the stile serves-to prevent the ingressof,air-onmoisture at these points.

InFigs. 10 and 11 I have shownamodification in which. the sash .andstile.are. made of .metal plate, which, however, presents the .samegeneralconfi uration as that hereinbefore-described. The stile in this casecomprises -a ,metal face place fit which is bent to afford side wal1s,5,5 andiiii respectively, the edges of the side walls being 'inturned.to. ,providealigned flanges 51 which ..fit within the guideway. .intheWindow casing. -.,In this .case-theface plate 54, is, provide .withashoulder .58 .whichaflords the. recessed configuration comparable withthat..p ,revi ously described, and provides a space for .the housing ofthe weather strip 53.

In use, when it.is.desired to obtain accessto.

the locking plates to clear the wing nuts and :be

swung upwardly into position to bring their fingers M into register withthe L-shapcd apertures in the assoCiatedkeeper-plate. Thereafter,

byslightly elevating the sash; and stiles, the putwardly bent tip endsof the fingers will slip through the apertures} and continued upwardmovement will cause them to; forcibly impinge against the, inner face ofthe associatedkeeper plate, so that the stiles will be held both againstan inward tilting movement and against falling,

with sufficient force to prevent displacement while the sash swung downinwardly upon its hinges, for the purposes of washing, painting,glazing, repairs, or the like, Both of the sashes are adjustable in themanner described, and if both are simultaneously lowered will his oneupon the other as indicated in the drawings.

The hinges provided for securing the sash to the lower ends of the assciated stiles are of sufilciently rigid and rugged formation tostrengthen the lower ends of the stiles and hold them in place andafford sufiicientreinforcement to withstand the leverage action of thesash while it is being lowered. Y I

The device as a, whole is of extremely simple construction, and thefittings provided are of such nature as to permit an ordinary sash. to rbe transformed into the sash of the present" invention bythe use ofordinary oarp'enters tools, and if desired the sashes ca'n be furnishedcompletely glazed at the mill and suitab y recessed to receive thefittings provided therefor.

The fittings, being countersunk and of simple construction, are not atall conspicuous, so that the sash or", the present invention willclosely resemble in appearance a sash of the conventional character.*MoreoVer, the locking devices employed are'of simplified construction,so that they may be readily manipulated without the use of toolsorappliances, which enables the occupant of the house to, readilymanipulate ;the locking devices and secure access to the exterior of thewindow for the purpose of cleaning, or otherwise, as occasion mayrequire. 1 a l Although'the invention has been described withparticularity asto detail, it is not the intention, unless otherwiseindicated .in the claims, to

limit the invention to the form shown, since modifications may be madetherein withoutdeadapted to be swung upwardly into proximate relation tothewindow casinglllocking devices on the sash for engaging therespective locking plates when swung downwardly to overlie the sash, anda keeper for each of the locking plates, secured to the window casingand adapted to have the associated locking plate engaged therei withwhen the plate is swungupwardly, each apertures adapted to receive theassociated tongues, theparts being configured to cause the tongues toforcibly bear against the inner face locking plate terminating inseparated tongues, and each of the keepers being provided with.

of the keeper when the parts areenga-ged, and

Ia counterbalancing member secured to each stile and passing upwardlybetween the tongues.

22. In sash window construction, in combinaa tion with a window casing,a pair of stiles adapted ,to slide within the window casing, a sashhinged between the stiles, locking plates pivoted one to chef the stilesand adapted to be swung dOWI'l',

wardly to overlie the upper edge'of the sash and adapted to be swungupwardly into proximate relation to the window casing, locking deviceson the sash for engaging the respective locking plates when swungdownwardly to overlie the sash, and a keeper for eachof the lockingplates, I secured to the window casing and adapted to have i theassociated looking plate engaged therewith when the plate swungupwardly, each locking plate terminating in separated tongues havingtheir tip ends extended laterally to afford undercut shoulders, and thekeeper being provided with L-shaped apertures adapted to receive thetips of the tongues therethrough, and the parts i being configured tothereafter permit the tips of the tongues to bear forcibly againsttheinner face of the keeper to hold the stilesagainst displacement when thewindow is swung on its hinges.

3. In sash window construction; in combina tion with a window casing, apair of stiles adapted to slide within the window casing, a sash hingedbetween said stiles, locking plates pivoted one to each of the 'stilesand adapted to be swung downwardly to overlie the upper edge of the sashand adapted to be swung upwardly into proximate relation to the windowcasing, locking deviceson the sash forengaging therespective lockingplates when swung downwardly to over lie the sash, and a keeper for eachof the locking plates, secured to the window casing and adapted to have,the associated locking plate engaged therewith when the plate is swungupwardly, each locking plate terminating in separated tongues havingtheirtip ends extended laterally to afford undercut shoulders and eachof the tongues being bent outwardly at its tip end, and the keeper andthe parts being configured to thereafter perinitthe tips of the tonguesto bear foroiblyagainst the inner face of the keeper-to hold the stilesagainst displacement when on its hinges. a i

Y ERICE.

the window is swung ,50 beingprovided with L shaped aperturesadapted toreceive the tips of the tongues therethrough,

